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A landmark review on myeloproliferative neoplasms published in the New England Journal of Medicine
Researcher Isabelle Plo and Dr William Vainchenker, a haematologist and researcher at Gustave Roussy, have co-authored a landmark review on myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), published in the New England Journal of Medicine on 19 August. The article summarises major advances in understanding these blood cancers and highlights therapeutic prospects that could transform their management in the years ahead.
Published on
Blood cancers that can develop over decades
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) encompass several bone marrow disorders. They are characterised by the excessive production of blood cells and can expose patients to serious complications, including thrombosis, bleeding or progression to acute leukaemia.
One of the major findings of recent years is that the mutations responsible for these diseases may arise several decades before diagnosis. MPNs therefore provide a unique model for understanding the earliest stages of cancer development and identifying opportunities for early intervention.
New therapeutic hopes
Although current treatments can effectively control the disease and reduce the risk of complications, in most cases they remain unable to achieve lasting elimination of the cells that cause it. However, the authors highlight the emergence of particularly promising new therapeutic strategies. Treatments specifically targeting mutated JAK2 or CALR proteins are currently being developed and could ultimately alter the course of the disease in a lasting way, or even eradicate the tumour clone responsible.
Deciphering the mechanisms behind cancer development
Beyond MPNs themselves, the review highlights the contribution these diseases make to cancer research as a whole. Because they develop slowly and their genetic alterations are now well characterised, they provide a model for studying how cancer arises and evolves over several decades.
This work paves the way for a better understanding of the mechanisms of tumour transformation and for the design of strategies capable of intercepting disease before cancer develops. This approach is fully aligned with Gustave Roussy's ambitions in precision medicine and cancer interception.
International recognition of Gustave Roussy's expertise
This publication reflects the longstanding contribution of Gustave Roussy teams to understanding the biological mechanisms underlying these diseases, particularly mutations in the JAK2 gene, which have profoundly transformed diagnosis and patient management.
Reference
Plo I., Vainchenker W. Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. New England Journal of Medicine, 20 August 2026: https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMra2507867
Last news
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Breast Cancer: Gustave Roussy Ranked No. 1 in France for Breast Surgery and Breast Reconstruction
On the occasion of Breast Cancer Awareness Month, the 2025 data from Visuchir, the national surgical activity monitoring tool of the French Health Insurance system, places Gustave Roussy in first position for both breast surgery and breast reconstruction. Beyond this ranking, these figures highlight that reconstruction is now an integral part of breast cancer treatment. It is considered at every stage of care: from tumor removal surgery, whether lumpectomy or mastectomy, through to the post-cancer period, helping to restore the body and support women in regaining their physical integrity and quality of life.
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Newsweek Ranking: Gustave Roussy Named Europe’s Leading Cancer Centre and Third Best Worldwide
The 2027 edition of Newsweek’s World's Best Specialized Hospitals ranking once again recognises Gustave Roussy as the leading cancer centre in France and Europe, and the third best worldwide. This distinction highlights the excellence of the Institute’s care and research, as well as the daily commitment of all its professionals.
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Living with and beyond cancer: the promises and challenges of digital health
In a Viewpoint article published in The Lancet Digital Health, Drs Ines Vaz-Luis and Maria Alice Franzoi, together with Emmanuel Mussault, a patient partner at the PRISM University Hospital Institute, examine the role that digital tools can play in supporting people living with and beyond cancer. Their central message is that these technologies can support more personalised and accessible care, but their value depends primarily on how they are integrated into care pathways, the human support provided, their ability to address individual needs and their evaluation in real-world settings.
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Gustave Roussy and The Lancet launch an international lecture series on innovations transforming cancer care
The inaugural lecture in the “Lecture Series on Cancer Breakthroughs” will take place on Friday 18 September at 5:00 pm. It will be delivered by Professor Timothy R. Rebbeck, a leading cancer prevention specialist at Harvard University and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.
